The Politics Stream Consists Of Three Elements - 1287 Words

The politics stream consists of three elements: national mood, pressure group campaigns, and administrative or legislative turnover. The politics stream consists of the factors that influence agendas or the policy process. The national mood refers to the idea that a fairly large majority of a country tends to think along common lines, although this mood can fluctuate from time to time. This mood of the nation can also be termed as the political climate. Government officials monitor public opinion polls to estimate the amount of change in national mood, and then use this information to act on their agenda or to diminish the success of others agenda. Often time’s politicians formulate the balance of support and opposition for a certain issue in order to determine the chances of an issue to rise or fail in the policy process. Lastly the administrative or legislative turnover has a significant influence on politics. The turnover of personal signifies a want or need for change with in the administration. The whole purpose of political elections and government is to act on the will of the people. The combination of national mood and turnover in government has the most powerful effect on agendas. These three elements of agenda setting operate independently, although overlaps between the processes do occur. Successful agenda setting requires that the three streams be joined together at critical moments. These critical moments are called â€Å"policy windows† and Kingdon defines them as,Show MoreRelatedThe On The Streams Model Essay916 Words   |  4 Pages The streams model was developed John Kingdon in 2003. It is a powerful tool in understanding policy process. It consists of three parallel processes: problem streams, policy streams, and politic streams (Knaggard, 2015). These three parallel process can also go under multiple different names. Problem streams refers to policy problem that requires attention; issues that capture everyone’s attention (Howlett, Ramesh and Perl, 2009). Policy streams, also known as solution streams, pertains to manyRead MoreThree Streams Theory And Implementation Of The Kyoto Protocol3044 Words   |  13 PagesThree Streams Theory and Implementation of the Kyoto Protocol Introduction This semester we have explored different theories and frameworks that impact the complex nature of policymaking. The process itself is very interesting and flexible, since one can select any issue and track it through the complete policy cycle or be more specific by looking at a single aspect of the process. Regardless of the approach, various theoretical frameworks may be applied to empirically ground the issue of interestRead MoreCharacteristics Of The Ecosystem Services1615 Words   |  7 Pageslumber, minerals, etc.). Simple, yet vital elements such as carbon dioxide and oxygen are also gathered from plants after photosynthesis. These provisioning services may be harvested by humans as in the case of crops such as corn or oranges, or by animals such as honeybees gather honey. Second, supporting services are the services necessary for the production of other ecological services. These services include water purification, which can be done by streams and the bacteria living in the soil aroundRead MoreImportance Of Federalism And How The United States Structure Is Based Upon This Form Of Government2428 Words   |  10 Pagesneeds of the people of this newly found nation. Another instance includes the various research that I have conducted and the research that I have learned from my fellow classmates via our weekly discussion posts. Nonetheless, I believe that the three of the most important lessons learned from this course would have to be the concept of federalism and how the United States structure is based upon this form of government, the various models and explanations that attempt to address how the publicRead MoreManagement Information Systems1953 Words   |  8 Pagessurrounding it. By information we mean data that have been shaped into a form t hat is meaningful and useful to human beings. Data, in contrast, are streams or raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use. Three activities constitute an information system to meet organizational needs for making decisions, controlling operations, analyzing problems, and creatingRead More Struggle Between Hindu and Secular Nationalisms in India Essay examples4524 Words   |  19 Pagesspite of Indias size and importance, it is hard for an American to gain an understanding of the issues and conflicts which have set the stage for the most recent revival of Hindu nationalism. The central feature of this new reform in Indian federal politics is the clash between Hindu and secular nationalists. The overview of this situation comes from the perspective of an American born Indian student interested in Indian history and federal systems, so the observations are intended as suggestionsRead MoreSocial Justice in India4181 Words   |  17 Pagesthe dialogic approach of our research work. 4. This statement is divided into three sections – (a) Description of the theme, and its context; (b) approach of the study; (c) activities proposed ]    A. The Context and the Theme of Social Justice 1. Though the theme of justice has occupied a high ground in philosophical discussions since the beginning of political philosophy, yet in terms of democracy and popular politics its exact meaning and implications have been nebulous, one of the reasons beingRead MoreIntegration and National Unity3207 Words   |  13 Pagesintegration are interlinked in which both aims at bringing different races, closer together. In Malaysia context, unity can be defined as a process of forming a national identity among various groups that have differences in beliefs, cultures, customs, politics, social, economic functions and location into a political entity. In other words, national unity is a process to unite various groups that have different social and cultural background into one physical entity. For example, the effort of unitingRead MoreSocial Facts, Social Actions and Historical Materialism: a Theoretical Comparison3896 Words   |  16 PagesIntroduction In the first part of this essay, I will locate the three thinkers in the broader historical and epistemological context of their times. I shall present the main concepts of their theories and their methodologies. Then in an attempt of comparison, I will spot similarities and differences between them and summarize the sociological research strategies, which are coming from their ideas. In the concluding part of this essay, I will argue that Social Facts and actions are useful conceptionsRead MorePolitical Marketing5740 Words   |  23 Pagesnot the sole manifestation of marketing in politics but it is the most obvious, a point underlined by recent work addressing the prominent role now played by political marketing in a parliamentary democracy like Britain (Franklin 1994; Kavanagh 1995; Scammell 1995). Whilst much of this material understandably concentrates on the once neglected work of campaign practitioners, the more theoretical explorations of the intersection between marketing and politics have tended to appear in management journals

Service Quality Of English Islamic Banks - 827 Words

Abdullrahim (2010) in her dissertation titled â€Å"Service Quality of English Islamic Banks† used a qualitative focus groups research methodology as a primary data collection, which is closely related to the methodology I will propose to use in my study. Abdullrahim (2010) used a mixed methodology of qualitative (focus group) and quantitative (questionnaire) to conduct the study. A modified service quality model (SERVQUAL) was used to measure the quality of service in Islamic banks in the United Kingdom (UK). The quality service model can be described as a degree and direction of the difference between customer perception and customer expectation. The researcher stated that Islamic banking in the UK, â€Å"Britain has the most active and developed Islamic banking sector in the European Union and is leading the way for Islamic banking in the west† (Abdullrahim, 2010, p. 1). The researcher focused on Muslims in the UK and what are their perceptions and evaluation of serv ice of the quality of Islamic banks in the UK. The researcher studied Islamic banks in England because there are millions of Muslims who lived in the UK and banks started to offer Sharia products (Abdullrahim, 2010; Hanlon, 2004). Abdullrahim conducted the focus group in two stages. First, â€Å"Eight focus group discussions were conducted with 36 Muslims† (Abdullrahim, 2010, p. 11). Second, â€Å"a pilot study, questionnaires were distributed by hand to Muslims in 10 cities† (Abdullrahim, 2010, p. 11). Abdullrahim asked openShow MoreRelatedThe Population Of Egypts Capital1289 Words   |  6 PagesEGYPT Demographics The population of Egypt’s capital, Cairo, consists of an estimated 86,730,000 citizens. Arabic is the official language of this Islamic religion region. The banks of the Nile is where most of the citizens of Egypt choose to reside; with an estimate of five thousand persons per square mile. The remaining two-fifths of Egypt population are urbanized. The trend of the younger generation’s accompanying these areas range in ages fifteen to thirty years, with one third under fifteenRead MoreThe Egyptian Culture Of Egypt1316 Words   |  6 Pagesland bridge. Egypt borders the Gaza Strip, Israel, the Gulf of Aqaba, the Red Sea, Sudan and Libya. With over 90 million inhabitants, Egypt is the most populous country in North Africa and the Arab World. The great majority of people live near the banks of the Nile River, an area about 15,000sq mi, where the only arable land is found. Most of Egypt’s territory is inhabited by the Sahara desert. About half of Egypt’s resi dents live in urban areas, with most spread across the populated centers of greaterRead MoreIslamic Banking And Conventional Banking8251 Words   |  34 Pagesstudy 6. Key estimated learning from the study Part two 7. What is Islamic Banking 8. What are the transaction process of Islamic banking 9. The key sources of law and values of Islamic Banking 10. The differences between Islamic Banking and conventional Banking Part three 11. A comparative analysis 12. Conclusion Basic differencess: Results indicate that conventional banks perform better in profitability, while Islamic banks perform better in liquidity and credit risk. In t-test of the returnRead MorePest Analysis of Uae Banks3884 Words   |  16 PagesExecutive Summary In this report we did a meticulously researched investment products and financial services for Ms Prakesh, Regional Marketing Manager of MFS. We wrote about banks in the UAE and the tow main categories of banks that are local banks and branches of foreign banks. However the number of banks of both national and foreign banks reached 61 banks, which shows the success of the financial services in the UAE. We also analysis the external macro-environment that affects all firms of industryRead MoreEssay Functional Areas of MS and KFH6200 Words   |  25 PagesMichael trademark was registered, in 1956-1979 The first stores in Continental Europe opened in Paris and Brussels, in 1980-2001 launched the first website MS are one of the UKs leading retailers of clothes, food, home products and financial services. Some 10 million people shop with us each week in over 375 stores. In addition MS have 155 stores managed under franchise in 28 territories mostly in Europe, the Middle East, Asia and the Far East, stores in the Republic of Ireland, nine whollyRead MoreTerm Paper on Islami Bank Limited17265 Words   |  70 PagesCHAPTER-ONE INTRODUCTION 1.0 Background of the Study Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (IBBL) is the first of its kind in the South East Asia which was established in 1983 with a view to provide banking services based on Islamic principles. 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Islam in Nigeria is based on the teaching of the Prophet Muhammad outlined in the Qur’an with varying differences from the rest of the Islamic community. The vast majority of Igbo are Christians as are many of the Yoruba. Popular forms of Christianity include Anglican, Presbyterian, American Southern Baptist, and Methodist with large congregations of Seventh - day Adventist and Jehovah’sRead MoreGeneral Culture And Business Etiquette. The Culture In1517 Words   |  7 PagesGeneral Culture and Business Etiquette The culture in Singapore could be described as authoritarian, pragmatic and rational due to the types of cultures that reside there. Although the main business language is English, there are some important customs to take note of before traveling to, or doing business with, Singapore. The main cultural traditions in Singapore are linked to India, China, and Malaysia, and Singaporeans are known to be loyal business partners with a strong trade foundation in

Is It Out Right to Deny a Right Free Essays

Jensen 1 Ellie Jensen Dr. Rubina Khan English 121 8 July 2012 Is it Our Right to Deny a Right? On May 17, 2004, Marcia Hams and Susan Shepherd became the first same-sex couple to accomplish a state-sanctioned marriage in the United States, according to Time Magazine’s article, â€Å"A Brief History of: Gay Marriage†. Gay marriage was first brought to national attention in 1993, when a judge in Hawaii ruled that a same-sex couple was not permitted to get married on account of the state’s constitution. We will write a custom essay sample on Is It Out Right to Deny a Right? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The ruling of the judge persuaded Congress to create the 1996 Defense of Marriage Act, which prevented homosexual couples from receiving benefits traditionally granted by marriage. Since then, states have interpreted their own viewpoint on the issue. However, same-sex marriage proceeds to remain illegal in 44 states at the present time (Sullivan 1). America has supported equal rights since the nineteenth century, including the separation between contrasting races and genders, however, America is facing the ongoing battle of samesex marriage. According to Connecticut Post’s article, â€Å"Same-sex marriage: A Constitutional Right†, only 6 states allow same-sex marriage in America at the present time. The Constitution exists to provide structure for the entire country and its citizens. It protects certain rights, ensures state laws do not violate them, and forms a fair government. In the past, the Supreme Court has verified 14 times that all citizens have the right to get married. Nevertheless, 44 states deny citizens their right to marry someone of the same-sex due to the fact that it violates religious Jensen 2 morality, weakens the definition and respect for the institution of marriage, and it weakens the traditional family values that America has. Despite that, any law banning same-sex marriage exploits the privileges of the citizens and denies people equal rights under the protection of the law. Although the popular vote is necessary in some cases, citizens should not be able to take away the freedom of speech and expression from other individuals that have different opinions and interests (Benedosso 1). During the recording of â€Å"The View†, President Barack Obama announced, â€Å"I want everyone treated fairly in this country. We have never gone wrong when we’ve extended rights and responsibilities to everybody. That doesn’t weaken families, that strengthens families† (Killough 1). Furthermore, same-sex spouses pay as much as $6,000 per year in extra taxes since the government refuses to recognize gay marriage, according to Cable News Network’s article, â€Å"Same-Sex Spouses Lose Big On Taxes†. Due to the fact that same-sex couples are not allowed to file their federal returns jointly, they do not receive tax benefits in the same manner as heterosexual couples do (Benedosso 1). â€Å"It’s costing these families thousands of dollars a year, as well as the emotional pain and suffering,† said Ken Weissenberg, a partner at the accounting firm, EisnerAmper. In addition, same-sex couples are not permitted to inherit a shared home, assets, or personal items in the absence of a will after an unexpected death (Ellis 1). They are also not allowed to assist their spouse in paying off their debt, take medical leave to care for a sick spouse or for their kids, cover their families on their health plans without paying taxes on the coverage, nor eligible for Medicare and Medicaid coverage, and many employers do not cover domestic partners or their biological or non-biological children in their health insurance plans (Bernard 2). On top of that, same-sex couples can be denied or disfavored in Jensen 3 their applications for public housing, denied the automatic right to joint parenting, joint adoption, joint foster care, and visitation for non-biological parents, and denied withdrawal rights and protective tax treatment given to spouses with regard to IRA’s and other retirement plans (Bernard 3). According to Cable News Network’s article, â€Å"Denied Divorce: Some same-sex couples wed-locked†, several states in America do not grant divorces for same-sex marriages that occurred outside of the state’s borders. Same-sex couples can currently marry in six states. There is no residency requirement to get married in those states, which is how many same-sex couples are able to get married in the first place. However, if a marriage was to fall apart in a state that does not recognize the couple’s legal status, they will not be able to dissolve their marriage. â€Å"In order to get a divorce from a same-sex partner, they would have to live in a state for six months to two years†, said Susan Sommer, director of constitutional litigation at Lambda Legal (Landau 1). Since several states in America do not allow same-sex marriages, many people do not understand why states are not willing to dissolve these marriages (Landau 4). As Obama announced in Cable News Network’s article, â€Å"Obama Calls For Marriage Equality†, all citizens should be treated equally in America. However, as shown in this paragraph, same-sex couples are not receiving the same rights as other citizens that marry the opposite sex. America has always expressed itself as a free and equal country. Nevertheless, same-sex couples proceed to travel around the country to marry the individual that they desire to spend the rest of their lives with. As the 14th Amendment declares, â€Å"No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to Jensen 4 any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws†. Any law banning same-sex marriage exploits the privileges of the citizens and denies people equal rights under the protection of the law (Benedosso 1). Jensen 5 Works Cited Benedosso, Michael. â€Å"Same-sex Marriage: A Constitutional Right. † Ctpost. com. Hearst Communications, 12 Aug. 2010. Web. 25 June 2012. . Bernard, Tara Siegel. â€Å"The High Price of Being a Gay Couple. † Nytimes. com. New York Times, 2 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 June 2012. . Ellis, Blake. â€Å"Same-sex Spouses Lose Big on Taxes. CNN. com. Cable News Network, 31 Dec. 2011. Web. 25 June 2012. . Killough, Ashley. â€Å"Obama Calls for Marriage Equality, Says ‘I Want Everyone Treated Fairly'† CNN. com. Cable News Network, 14 May 2012. Web. 25 June 2012. . Landau, Elizabeth. â€Å"Denied Divorce, Some Same-sex Couples ‘wed-locked'† CNN. com. Cable News Network, 7 June 2012. Web. 25 June 2012. . Sullivan, Justin. â€Å"A Brief History Of: Gay Marriage. † Time. com. Cable Ne ws Network, 22 May 2008. Web. 25 May 2012. . How to cite Is It Out Right to Deny a Right?, Essay examples

Using the RNS Standards Indignuous Attributes †Free Samples

nursing Question: Discuss about the Using the RNS Standards Indignuous Attributes. Answer: Reflection is an important exercise, which develops the cognitive ability. Before taking this class, I had little knowledge of the indigenous community. I assumed that there is uniform way of treating every person. Since undertaking CIHWB, I realized that it is important to understand the feelings and understanding of the patients. Using the RNS Standards Indignuous Attributes, I realized that decision making is important, while taking care of the indigenous population. The RN standards states that it is important for the nurses to apply critical thinking skills, analyse and use the past experience and knowledge in the healthcare offering of the organization. The course made me aware that it is important to care for the psychological needs of the indigenous population. After studying at the University, I was equipped with new knowledge, which can enhance my decision-making skills. Previously, I felt that the aboriginals are foreign and not one of us. I felt that they are backward people and do not have proper level of education. Further, I felt that it is difficult to treat them, as it is difficult to handle them. In the present section, Gibbs cycle is used for analysing the past events (Bulman Schutz, 2013). In the current module, I took the subject of thenursing skills for the aboriginal and the Torres Strait Islander people. I assumed that there are several differences in the lifestyle of the aboriginal and the non-aboriginal Australians. Further, these communities have significant health difference. In the class, we were given the task of participating in the debate. The topic I chose was, was Australia colonized or Invaded. While preparing for the topic, I realized the psychological feelings of the indigenous people. I felt more sympathetic for them and realized what they have gone through the process. It was traumatic experience, which is still imprinted in the minds of the indigenous population. I realized that through positive attitude and empathy, the support of the indigenous population can be gathered. This attitude also assisted in achieving some measurable gains in the healthcare sector of the country. In the healthcare organizations, the nurse plays a significant role in delivering the health facilities to the clients. However, it is important to deliver the healthcare facility by considering the cultural differences between different communities (Murphy-Berman, 2003). The Cultural ABCD assessment is used to discuss the attitude and the beliefs of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community. I was given the task of applying the cultural ABCD tool in the hospital setting. In the preparation of the task, I learnt the ABCD tool by heart and through I was prepared for the application of the tool. However, later was assigned a patient. I started asking all the questions related to the culture and her life-experience. However, I could not build a trustworthy relation. It resulted in her sharing the past bitter experiences with the student. I realized that my individual decisio n-making has changed after this event. . Before participating in the module, my perception about the aboriginal community is that the aboriginals are black, illiterate and can be easily attracted towards the bad habits such as alcoholism, smoking, and drugs. However, during this module, I have learnt new information regarding the aboriginal people and their culture. I came to Australia to study; therefore, my knowledge about the aboriginal people was limited. I learnt about them from the local community, who have a bad impression of the aboriginals. However, I learnt that they are almost like other human beings and shows same emotions and behaviour. I learnt that the aboriginal community is same as others; however, their culture and lifestyle is quite different from others. My experiences in the module changed my perception towards the aboriginal community. I became more sympathetic towards them and their life experiences. Therefore, it is important that in their treatment, the nurses become sensitive about their culture an d the lifestyle (Ali Chan, 2016). While studying in the University, I realized that it is important to have knowledge of their culture so that the nurses can offer effective treatment. My time at the university opened up my knowledge of the aboriginal people. I learnt that several of the stereotypes formed for the aboriginal people are wrong and exaggeration. I also learnt that while treating the aboriginal people, the nurses should be culturally competent. The healthcare industry is a demanding industry, and requires deliverance of various responsibilities. It is essential that the nurses and healthcare professionals must be considerate of the culture differences. During the treatment, the clients are at a vulnerable situation and hurting the religious or the culture treatment can hinder the treatment process. Before getting admission in the nursing college, I used to think that in order to exceed in the profession, the nurses should have all the technical knowledge. However, while conducting ABCD culture assement, I realized that it is important to consider the emotional and the sentimental aspects during the treatment. It is important to understand the requirements or the needs of the clients, which can only be understood by establishi ng an emotional connection with the users (Johns, 2013). During the course module, we were given several theoretical as well as practical classes regarding the culture difference between the aboriginal and the Australian people. In the debate and the ABCD culture assessment tool, I learnt that each community and culture has some unique rules and procedures. Further, we also learnt that each aboriginal is different from other and it is not to stereotype these people. I realized that most of the indigenous people are illiterate and live a simple and rural life. However, during the course, I realized that they are also competent and there are several aboriginals who are at high positions in professional life. During the University life, I observed that there are several aboriginal people at successful positions; however, they face challenges in their personal and professional life. In class, we were demonstrated a presentation in which several outstanding nurses from the aboriginal community have been considered (Amzat Padilla-Valdez, 2017). The documentary showed the achievements of the indigenous nurses in Australia. It showed their skills, capabilities, and the pride that the indigenous nurses show in their profession. During the presentation, I realized that the indigenous people have the same capabilities. During my tenure in Australia, I realized that there will be several significant barriers in the growth and development of the indigenous nurses. I realized that the aboriginals have to face several discrimination and barriers during their tenure in the business organizations. I realized that in the healthcare industry too, indigenous people face a lot of discrimination as a patient or as a nurse. The government has made several policies and procedures for uplifting the standard of the indigenous people in the society. However, the government policies are quite complex and have not contributed a lot in the development of the indigenous people (Parvis, 2013). There are considerable efforts and these programs have also contributed in the development of the society. However, it is necessary to modify these polices for so that drastic changes can be made in the healthcare settings. I realized that in the society, the majority group always try to dominate the minority group. It is the norm of the society. As a part of the majority group, it is always easy to bully the minority and to disregard their perception and culture (Minkov, 2011). It is similar to racism and it is always easy to discriminate people based on the differences in the physical characteristics and appearance. It is similar to racism. In the class we were shown a documentary video, which demonstrated that the dominant group consider that it is their right to dominate others. They also perceive that they are superior and might control the behaviour of other people. The privileged group always try to control the other group (Hopkins, 2016). In the class, we were shows several documentaries, which showed that colonization was wrong with the aboriginal people, as they considered that the white people have invaded their land and snatched their rights. The aboriginal people had their own way of leading life. It is necessary to understand this and accept them for who they are. The western civilization developed with education and technology; however, the aboriginal community was left behind. It is necessary for the government as well as for the development of the society as a whole, to uplift the standard of the aboriginal community. The whole module was focussed on the discrimination against the aboriginal people and how it can be eradicated. We were shown another video, in which it was discussed that the discrimination against the community can have significant impact on the aboriginal community. It can create psychological distress and can also induce depression and other mental disorders (Scarborough, 2000). I realized that is important to demonstrate warm feelings towards every one. The nurses should establish positive relations with every patient. It will also help in providing accurate and effective treatment. In the module, I understood that there are several models, which can be used to understand the cultural differences between different communities. We were taught ABCD model, in which different aspects of culture between different communities can be examined. The Cultural ABCD assessment is used to analyze the attitude and the beliefs of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community. Although there are several differences, they can be handled with appropriate considerations. It is an effective model to understand the difference and attain knowledge about different cultures. It brings culture sensitivity and a person will not intentionally hurt another person because of his culture (SChon, 2017). Likewise, there are also other minority communities in Australia. Same model can be used to understand the cultural difference with these communities. It can be concluded that in order to impart efficient healthcare, it is important for the nurses to provide treatment with the consideration of the culture differences. We were shown several videos, which demonstrated the importance of the cultural sensitive, while dealing with aboriginal community. It is necessarily important, while dealing with children as they have a deep psychological impact of each and every action. It is also important to understand their medication, and how respect it. Overall, the module helped me in developing my skills as a nurse. Henceforth, I will try to be more sensitive while dealing with the people of different communities. It can be concluded that my individual decision-making has changed after taking the current subject. In the future, I will be more considerate of the feelings of others while treating the patients. I have also realized that there are several members of aboriginal community, who have made significant contribution to the world. References Ali, A., Chan, E.C.K. (2016). The Key to Coaching. Learning, Application and Practice. Lulu.com. Amzat, I.H. Padilla-Valdez, N. (2017). Teacher Professional Knowledge and Development for Reflective and Inclusive Practices. Taylor Francis. Bulman, C., Schutz, S. (2013). Reflective Practice in Nursing. John Wiley Sons. Hopkins, B. (2016). Cultural Differences and Improving Performance: How Values and Beliefs Influence Organizational Performance. CRC Press. Johns, C. (2013). Becoming a Reflective Practitioner. John Wiley Sons. Lawrence-Wilkes, L. Ashmore, l. (2014). The Reflective Practitioner in Professional Education. Springer. Minkov, M. (2011). Cultural Differences in a Globalizing World. Emerald Group Publishing. Parvis, L. (2013). Understanding Cultural Diversity in Today's Complex World. Lulu.com. SChon, D.A. (2017). The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. Routledge.

5 Myths Stopping You From Getting Promoted

5 Myths Stopping You From Getting Promoted You know you deserved that promotion, and probably the one before that. People who are newer to the company and not getting the same results you are seem to be getting all of the recognition while you feel left behind. How can you get noticed by the higher-ups doing the noticing? Here are 5 myths you need to debunk right away if getting a promotion is your end goal. 1. Everybody knows you’re  a hard worker.Just because you work hard, doesn’t mean people notice. And certainly not higher-ups who may not interact with you on a daily basis. For all you know, a middle manager could be taking all the credit that should be yours. Find a way to let your boss know when you score big or do especially well. Toot your own horn. Don’t be a braggart, but play it smart. They’ll never reward your hard work if they don’t know about it.2. Your boss knows you  want to be promoted.If you haven’t told your boss explicitly what your ambitions are, and how youà ¢â‚¬â„¢d like to move up in your field, then chances are good she doesn’t know. Not everybody wants to use every job as a springboard higher up the ladder. Some people are quite content to stay in one position for a decade or two. Make your wishes known and ask your boss for her help in your career development. She’ll be flattered and she’ll know exactly what you want when new opportunities open up.3. Your friend would never go after something  you want so much.It’s lovely to have close friends among our colleagues. But keep in mind, this is their livelihood too. Just because you’re pals doesn’t mean your pal won’t throw their hat in the same ring after your coveted promotion. It’s business, after all. Keep your eyes open and don’t miss any chances.4. HR posts all the openings.Sometimes, positions open up and are filled before HR has the chance to make it public. Keep your ear to the ground and pay attention when peopl e in other departments are chatting about their teams. If you hear of someone about to leave, or applying out or up, get on putting yourself out there to replace them before someone else does.5. You’re not supposed be involved  with other departments.If you’ve struck up an interest or affinity with another department or another manager, that’s fine. As long as your work is getting done- and well- there’s no problem pitching in and helping out. That’s a great way to position yourself should any openings come up in that department. Your boss will be fine with it, provided you don’t let it interfere with your work for her and in your current department.Make sure you’re in the game before you complain about being left out of it.

Darkness Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers

Darkness Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers Darkness A sixteen-year-old girl Kelly Anderson and her family lived in Atlanta. Kelly was alone at home one day because her parents were invited to dinner at Bob Creighton's house that owned Creighton Construction. Kelly's father Ted was looking for a job in construction, but was turned down by Bob. While back at the house where Kelly was, she was in the bathroom, with the door open and the lights shut. She was looking in the mirror when she saw a man in the mirror over her shoulder. The man Kelly had seen so often in her dreams but only caught glimpses of when she was awake but at that moment she saw him clearly. He was old, his loose skin hanging in folds and his eyes sunken deep within his sockets. Kelly had been seeing a psychiatrist before because her mother, Mary, thought that she needed help, she thought it all started after her parents told her that she was adopted, but this man had appeared to her ever since she was born. She stopped going to the psychiatrist because she told her pa rents and the doctor that the Man was gone she did this to convince herself that he was gone but really he wasn't. As she continued to stand there in the darkness of the bathroom, she turned around but he wasn't there, she turned on the light and turned back to the mirror and he was still there and now his hands were reaching towards her throat. She started yelling "no! No more!" then she punched the mirror, and the mirror shattered, and she could still see her ancient tormentor still mocking her, laughing at her, reaching out for her. She picked up one of the sharp pieces of glass raised it up and plunged the blade into her belly. Determined to end the life of the baby that was growing inside her and her own. The baby that was growing inside of her she knew was the old mans because one night she felt him but she didn't bother to open her eyes or yell because she didn't want her parents to think she was crazy, she convinced herself it was only a dream. When her parents got home her mother felt that something was wrong. They were going upstairs to see if Kelly was in her room but before they got there they saw Kelly lying on the bathroom floor in a pool of blood. Her mother dropped to the floor next to her and told Ted to call the ambulance. Her mother saw that she was still bleeding so she knew she had to be still alive, so she covered her wounds with towels. Ted's eyes flooded with tears when he saw the pale mask on his daughters face. At the hospital, Dr. Hartman told them she was okay and they were aloud to go see her. The parents agreed to each other not to speak of her committing suicide, so they spoke and they told her they were going to stay at the hospital with her. They were the only ones in the waiting room and Dr. Hartman told them that the reason she did that was because she was afraid to tell either of you she was pregnant, but the doctor tested her and she had never even had sex before nor was she even pregnant. She thinks she is going to be lock ed up because she is crazy, she says nobody loves her and she doesn't blame them and the doctor told Mary and Ted to show her she's wrong. Ted called his father Carl Anderson and told him about what had happened and Carl was staring at the picture on his dresser of Ted, Mary and Kelly with her pink hair, her dark clothes and those empty eyes. Then Ted asked if the construction job was still available for him, Carl owned his own construction company which had taken off five years ago when Villejeune started to change, his construction company drained out most of the swamps and built houses, condominiums, and old age homes since there were so many old people living in Villejeune. Carl was really happy that they

Assess the claim that video games have had a negative effect on Essay

Assess the claim that video games have had a negative effect on society - Essay Example Conversely, the negative effects of playing video games include the violent behaviour that they might teach the gamers as well as increasing the player’s perception of danger and risk in the real world. Furthermore, playing video games increases the player’s level of control, by influencing the adoption of violent behaviour. Watching video games is likely to affect the conception of teenagers, making them view the society as a gaming environment. The negative influences of Video games in society The first negative influence of video games is that they augment tendencies towards crime development and violent behaviour among young viewers. Different studies have been done in this area, and many of them have established a correlation between the two aspects. One of the studies done in the area showed that some negative patterns associated with video games were likely to trigger adverse behaviours such as shooting at school or within the community (Kutner and Olson 2008). A mong the widely accepted controversy about the effect of video games was that of Exidy’s game of 1976, under the title Death Race (Bensely and Van Eenwyk 2001). In the game, players would direct cars that would run over gremlins with the game becoming a major concern that consequently led to its withdrawal from stores after its sale was disallowed (Bensely and Van Eenwyk 2001). ... Video games are likely to affect the society negatively since they are a channel through which sexual themes are communicated to its viewers, and many times among the young generation. These themes, communicated through the video games, cultivate the development of sexual behaviours depicted through the games, which is much influential among teenagers. One major example of a video game that communicated sexual themes is the hot coffee mod and grand theft auto where the player stimulates sexual inclined actions among the girlfriends of the main character. Later in 2005, due to the extreme effects of the video game on its players particularly teenagers, the ESRB (Entertainment Software Rating Board) changed the game’s rating to the ‘adults’ only category.’ Furthermore, the game’s sale was restricted from sale at many stores. Many adults felt that the game promoted the adoption of sexual behaviour among its players, and the effect would be worse among t eenagers since they were less knowledgeable than adult players (Meli 2011). The negative effect of video games in communicating sexual themes was also demonstrated through the effect of Rapelay, which revolved around the theme of rape. Many viewers and public views agreed unanimously that the game could promote the development of raping behaviours among young and adult players. The sentiments triggered worldwide campaigns in opposition of the game, which led to its banishment (Meli 2011). Games are used as a platform for the negative portrayal of gender stereotypes and roles. Through many video games, the roles of males are portrayed as those of muscled, hard bodied people, while the females are

Khomeini and Persian Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Khomeini and Persian Literature - Essay Example At the same time he had in no way compromised with the Shah's regime. Because of this unimpeachable position Khomeini occupied and held the high moral ground. The Shah did not have a chance once his army and secret police began to unravel. No one understood better than Khomeini himself the importance of mobilizing the masses through traditional religious symbolism. He used the tazyah processions which commemorate Karbala, the seminal historical occasion when Hussain was martyred, to mobilizing the people (p. 119). In 1978 he sent messages from abroad to Iranians asking them to prepare for the massive marches of the month of Muharram (p. 120). These would break the spirit of the military, who had no will to kills their own people. By converting the traditional mourning for Hussain during Ashurah into a challenge to the Shah, Khomeini again touched a deep chord in people (p. 121). Hussain's martyrdom was in the cause of justice and his fight against tyranny. Modern Iranians understood the message. The Muharram of 1978 was used to agitate for the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of an Islamic state and to further challenge the USA (Baqer 1999, p. 245). In the next Muharram Khomeini directed people to retur n to their own neighborhood, in an attempt to calm things down. All this is not to suggest that Khomeini was manipulating people. ... 250). Indeed it took considerable argument to persuade him to speak only of Iran in order to mobilize the Iranian people. It required further discussion to convince him that the President of Iran must be an Iranian, not just a Muslim. It must be recalled that the first foreign dignitary he received after the revolution was Yasser Arafat (p. 252). Though an Arab, Arafat symbolized an Islamic cause, that of liberating the holy placed of Palestine. Islam for Khomeini meant Ithna Ashari or twelve Imam Shiism (Fereydoun 2003, p. 65). While providing the Shias with an immense reservoir of religious passion, this inevitably acted as a barrier between Shia and the Sunni areas and thereby created obstacles for Khomeini on the larger Muslim world stage (p. 67). Yet Khomeini did move Shia and Sunni towards each other by declaring they were one. Throughout the Muslim world, he had earned the respect of the people. His challenging the USA, his reputation for integrity and public espousal of the Islamic cause were widely supported (p. 92). He had come to embody the moods of Islamic revivalism. As the USA became the focus of both cultural and political opposition, and because it was the age of the Western media, Khomeini's image, in turn, became the symbol of all that was wrong with Iran in the USA. Khomeini was depicted as a humourless, cruel and medieval monk (p. 110). Bearded clergy in flowing black robes, women covered in dark sheets, rituals centred around martyrs long dead, national hatred concentrated on the USA as the Great Satan - where does Iranian society related to the USA How do we make sense of the close relationships between the two up to the 1970s and then almost obsessive mutual hatred from the 1980s The answers are as complex as any

Discuss ideas from the book Understanding Comics Essay

Discuss ideas from the book Understanding Comics - Essay Example Scott McCloud, however, seeks to rectify this in his book â€Å"Understanding Comics†. He presents comics as an unsung hero in the Arts. The book is a portal to getting a good grasp of the nature of comics and the concepts integrated in it. This paper seeks to analyze concepts discussed in Scott McCloud’s book, â€Å"Understanding Comics† and establish how some of those concepts apply to other forms of media. 2.0 Concepts McCloud asserts that there is â€Å"no guarantee that anything exists outside what my five senses report to me† (61). This demonstrates the concept of closure. Closure, as discussed in the third chapter of this book, is where our imagination comes into play -- Much like the tip of the iceberg, one only sees a portion of it, yet one knows that the bulk of it is submerged beneath the surface. McCloud believes that â€Å"To kill a man between panels is to condemn him to a thousand deaths" (69). As readers fill in the gap between those panel s, each of them creates their own versions of how that man died, hence, a thousand deaths. Readers did not actually see how the man died but based on what was presented to them in the panel, they concluded that that man did die and even developed their own account as to how. Another concept tackled is transition. McCloud mentions six: â€Å"moment to moment, action to action, subject to subject, scene to scene, aspect to aspect, and non sequitur† (70-72). The first one constitutes of a single subject within a brief period of time. This one affords little time for closure. Action to action still consists of a single subject but for a considerable length of time. The third one comprises of different subjects but a single scene. Scene to scene, literally, is a shift of scenes. The fourth transition transfers attention to aspects of mood, place, or idea (McCloud 70-72). McCloud notes that art makes visible the visible (123). This is indicative of emotion. Emotions are represented by lines in comics as it is the person’s sense of sight utilized to make up for the non usage of the sense of hearing. McCloud also discussed six steps an artist goes through in reproducing art -- idea, form, idiom, structure, craft, and surface (162-184). First, the artist should brainstorm on the concept of the work based on emotions and ideologies and derive the content from the aforementioned. This is followed by the decision on what form that particular piece of work would take. The genre it is classified under is identified. After which, organization of content is done -- determining what is included or excluded. Thereafter, the artist proceeds to creating the piece of art itself, employing skills, knowledge, and other resources in the process. Finally, focus is placed on the superficial aspects of the work -- those which are clearly seen upon first exposure to it (McCloud 162-184). In line with these six steps, McCloud has classified artists into two according to the emphasis they placed on the first two of these steps. He claims that the artists who focus on form are the innovators (McCloud 179). On the other hand, those who focus on idea are the conceptualists (McCloud 180). This idea is relevant to David Galenson’s theory on Art. Artists can be categorized into two -- those who proceed to innovate experimentally, yet cautiously, using their perceptions and those who innovate conceptually, using both ideas and feelings alike (Galenson 351-362). 2.1 The Concept of Closure in Other Media Forms

Sustainable competitive advantage

Sustainable competitive advantage 1. Introduction to the Topic: Over the years, the understanding of how a firm can attain and maintain sustainable competitive advantage is major area of research in the field of management. Sustainable competitive advantage is an edge a firm enjoy over its competitors by offering superior values to customer that result in superior profit and growth. Building on these underlined assumption this dissertation the link between a firms success and the competitive advantage. The paper examine the role human resource strategies that leads an organization to enjoy competitive advantage that are sustainable, non-imitable, substantial and that adds superior values to the organization by providing opportunities to the organization to reap the benefits of super profit and market growth. An organisation is regarded as a unified organism that constantly learns and adopts to find better ways of doing its business processes in response to the dynamic environment it faces. Human resource management is a critical area of concern in today dynamic business environment, due to increased competition. It now more difficult to hire and retain highly qualified associates as the growth and profitability of the organization depends on how well the organization managed it human resources. According to Newman and Hodgetts, â€Å"human resource management is the process by which organization ensure the effective use of their associates in the pursuit of both organizational and individual goals† (Newman Hodgetts, 2005). In this paper efforts are made to analyze the varied human resource functions that an organization perform in pursuits of its goals and missions, and how these efforts might lead an organization to competitive advantage, as the success or failure of the organi sation depends on how best the organisation performs its functions as compared to a competitor (Competitive Advantage). In fact the long-term survival of the organisation depends on how best the HR department of the organisation performs its various functions that leads towards creating a competitive advantage over its rivals and how it sustains it. 2. Literature Review: Coff argues that human capital is the key to sustainable advantage because of causal ambiguity and systematic information creating them incomparable (Coff, 1994). According to Boselie and Paauwe (2004), top performing firms has HR professionals who have the main input in the strategic planning. These professionals make possible the change management, shape and manage organisation wide culture, contribute to strategic level decisions, and create market led connectivity of the business process (Boselie Paauwe, 2004). Researchers in the field of strategic HR have emphasised that human resource practices result in superior organisational performance and create sources for continued competitive advantages (Wright, Dunford, Snell, 2001). As the world has become a global village, competing in todays confused environment have posed additional challenges to the HR function in creating the anticipated value to shape and uphold competitive advantages. For effective functioning, HR executives must possess the necessary competencies. That is the possession of HR knowhow which comes from knowing the concepts, communication skills, judgment, research, and practices ofHR (Brockbank, Ulrich, Beatty, 1999) Du Plessis states that HR can play a vital role in the future of an organisation by enacting organisational change to get competitive advantage (Plessis, 2007). He is also of the opinion that resistance to change can serve as an obstacle for successful execution of planned changes, as it encompasses behaviours that may slow down or even terminate a planned organisational change. If the organisation uses an appropriate HR strategy during the period of change, an employee may feel that he is being treated and looked after by the organisation. If such sort of feelings arouse in employees it can change the employees attitude and their resistance towards the planned change. Peters and Waterman in their book â€Å"In search of excellence† says that all the excellent organisations that they have surveyed made efficient use of their HR, by employing sound HR strategies (Peter Waterman, 1982). According to Losey technology is advancing so rapidly that it is forcing organisations to c hange their strategies, in respect to product mix and the way HR is organized and delivered (Losey, 2005). 3. Overview of the Organization: Crossroads Inc. has been formed as a result of merger between Tradco and Hardpharm is a pharmaceutical company that is dedicated to the productions and marketing of quality pharmaceutical products. The merger that we have just is the largest transformation in the history of the organization and provides us with a platform, in terms of capital and other resources, to compete at a higher level. Crossroads Inc. is a medium-sized organisation, with 1,500 workers employed at three sites: one in Scotland, County Durham, and Kent. Crossroads Inc. develops and produces medicines for the global market in competition with industry giants such as Bosch, Pfizer, Lilly, gsk etc. 4. HR Planning Forecasting Planning forecasting in the modern age is a matter of life death for organizations of modern age. The same is true for pharmaceuticals industry. Each every consecutive day new research product is developed, deployed for trails testing. All these effort require skilful, trained and experienced workforce. It is for this reason organization plan and forecast for human resource so as to remain competitive. The HR manager of Crossroads Inc should use the planning forecasting procedures to cope with human resource requirement. The propose HR planning process for Crossroads Inco has been depicted Crossroad Inc can use the process for both short-term as well as long-term basis. Crossroad Inc should continuously monitor the availability of skill workers. For this purpose Crossroad Inc should scan internal environment to find out suitable employee and promote to fill the vacancy, if there are no such employees available, then HR Department should scan external environment for skilled and experienced employees. Once the internal environment along with external environment is scanned, a draft forecast should be prepared. 5. Recruitment and Selection: Once the forecast is developed and approved by the top management, the HR department of Crossroads Inc should start recruitment and selection process to fill the vacancies. Like all good plans, HR Manager of Crossroad Inc should builds employment plans on premises basic assumptions for employment requirement by forecasting three things: The supply of inside candidates; Personnel needs; The supply of outside candidates according to their company requirements. The HR department should first check that either there is any job placement or company is expanding their business so that new jobs are open for new candidates. These issues should be tackled by the HR Manger. If staff is required then the company should try to find them inside the company by upgrading their employees if it not possible then new jobs are created and fill by the outside market. The overall aims of the recruitment and selection process in Crossroad Inc should be to obtain, at minimum cost, the number and quality of employees required to satisfy the needs of staff requirement. The three stages of recruitment and selection in Crossroad Inc should be: Defining requirements: Preparing job descriptions and specifications; deciding terms and conditions of employment; Attracting candidates: Reviewing and evaluating alternative sources of applicants, inside and outside the company, advertising; Selecting candidates: Sifting applications, interviewing, testing, assessing candidates, offering employment, obtaining references; preparing contracts of employment. 6. Training and Development: Training is one of the most important tool any organization using to cope with the rapid change in technology and way of doing business. According to Newman and Hodgetts, â€Å"training is the process of providing associates with specific skills or helping them correct deficiencies in their current performance (Newman Hodgets, 2005). HR department of Crossroads Inc should be responsible for the training and development of existing as well as new coming employees. When a new employee is selected, an orientation of the new employees should be conducted Orientation is basically a one to two hour activity in which the new employees should be informed about the organizational structure, term conditions of employment, the duties of incumbent, the ethical behavioural requirement for the new employee and the so. New or existing employees are trained in HR department via three methods. Employees Handbook Training by concerned department Manager. Training visits to other pharmaceuticals. Tradco tends to largely focus on the needs of the technicians and scientists, and give them right to make decision of employ. However the training programs that HARDPHARM has traditionally used have some problems. In order to reduce the cost, employers are trying to hire labour in with low wage, and then what they have got is low quality staff. Ignoring the development of technology is the main problem. All these people will get together in the future, for the sake of the new company. The period of training should not be specified and should depend on individual circumstances. In some cases it should cover a week and sometimes it should be extended up to 6 months. The process of training should be initiated by first going through the process of training need assessments. The training needs assessment find out the deficiency in the current level of skills the employee possessed and the skills that a job required. For filling up the gape an organization designed its training and development programmes. A planning process is being implemented in which Crossroads Inc can ensure the proper training, awareness and competence development of people. The objective is to provide people with knowledge and skill, which, together with experience, improve their competence and capabilities. Crossroads should establish and maintains a procedure to ensure proper capabilities of personnel working. This includes: Identification of competency needs for personnel performing activities affecting quality. Providing training or take other actions to address identified needs. Evaluating effectiveness of the training provided. Ensuring that employees are aware of the relevance and importance of their activities and how they contribute to the achievement of the quality objectives. Maintaining appropriate records of education, experience, training and qualification. Training needs for Crossroads Inc should be based on the following different methods: Performance Analysis: What tasks the analyst is currently performing? how can the current performance be improved? Is training the best method? Job Task Analysis: What is the best way to do analysis? How can analysis process are broken down into small steps? According to Newman and Hodgetts development is the process of â€Å"providing associates with the experience and attitudes needed for success in the future† (Newman Hodgetts, 2005). The management of Crossroads Inc should constantly monitor the latest development in the field of pharmaceuticals and should design its various development programs accordingly. By this was the HR department will not only transmit the needed knowledge and skills to various employees but will also pave the way for the change management process. Training and development should serve as an investment in the form of human capital for Crossroads Inc. The process will not only facilitate the goal achievement but will also serves as potential source of loyalty across the organization. The new company should understand that the training and development program should be designed by utilizing the latest available methods that has proved its efficiency in the pharmaceutical firm. 7. The Pay and Reward: The pay and reward system of Tradco that was a family-owned business by MacHutton, was largely focus to meet the needs of staff, so the workforce regard as main stakeholders in the company, and to be an important role in the company as well. However, HaedPharm is a company that established as a facility of a group of venture capitalists. This firm put more attention to its various stakeholders including employee and management. They are trying to get maximum return and lowest cost. It is clear that these two organizations are stand on the different side of the point of view of benefit of staff. In the interest of the new company, all of these two should change their pay and reward system. The Crossroads Inc should use the proper remuneration system that is fair to both the company and employee. The organization should variety of remuneration system including monthly salaries, straight commission, combination of salary and commission coupled with monthly, quarterly and annual bonuses. When the organization will have a fair remuneration system it will ensure the proper motivation across the organization and the organization will be able to achieve its goals and objectives effectively and efficiently. 8. Union Relation: Unions serve important purpose by working as a link between the labour and the organization. Generally, trade unions are recognized for collective bargaining purpose, and communication between employer and employee. In Tradco, unions playing a good role between employer and employee, more than 50% workers are members of labour union. In the past 15 years, only one sympathy walk-out happened. On the contrary, unions in HardPharm are not as popular as Tradco. A very small number of employees are members of the unions as the company discourage unionization. After merger the unions will serve an important role in the new firm. Like what happens in former companies, if managers want corporation to manage the affairs of the company in appropriate manner, they have to adjust the relationship between unions and staff. The top management of the newly merged company must admit that union is a necessary and vital component of the organization process, they should talk with unions. If the organization failed to admire the role and relationship between the organization and union, the hostile relationship will serve as impediment for the company development. Contemporary, if there are no unions, or company does not recognize unions, then leaders would not know the needs of staff, they could not adjust the management detail. It will affect the development of company in the long run and the company will not be able to achieve its goals and objectives effectively and efficiently. 9. Career Management: Crossroads Inc should consistently monitor its employees and should proper strategic plan through which it increases the skill level of its employees. To achieve this objectives the company should arrange workshops, seminars, visit of key employees to other pharmaceutical industries training courses which will focus on injecting skills and professionalism into employees. These courses will help Crossroads Inc to improve the skills of their employees so that not only company can get maximum out of them but also employees can enrich their nature of job and life standard as well. Along with these training programs, Crossroads Inc should make their employees fully aware of their job requirements by mean of job descriptions so that they can develop a clear picture about at what are necessary requirement of their job and want are not. Indirectly the promotions, transfer to other department also plays a key role in employees job satisfaction. 10. Performance Appraisal: Employees job performance is an important issue for all employers. A performance management system consists of the processes used to identify, encourage, measure, evaluate, improve, and reward employee performance at work. Every functional department of Crossroads Inc should be responsible for carrying out and preparing its performance appraisal report. However these reports must be submitted to HR Department. The performance appraisal system in the company will help the organization to better focus its efforts on the attainment of the organizational goals and objectives by giving timely feedback regarding an individual employee that how best he is going to achieve his objectives. This will also help him to rectify his shortcoming. Moreover the use of appropriate performance appraisal system that is just, equitable and timely serve as a motivating factors and one of the vital component of the successful organization. 11. Conclusion: The Crossroad Inc is taking turning point towards a bright future in which a lot of opportunities might be available for the organization; however the organization still faces a lot of challenges. Crossroads Inc should focus on finding incremental change in its organizing process. The incremental change is change that the Crossroad Inc will undergo through in the natural evolution process. For Crossroad Inc the incremental change process may take the form of introducing new HR system and process (as proposed above) that will augment the organization performance further and help the organization to get competitive advantage over its competitors. But in order to experience this incremental change the organization must be able to constantly monitor and evaluate the environmental forces and take actions in response to change that will provide opportunities to the organization and minimizes its threats. The organization must possessed the needed intellectual capital (Human Resources), who should be able adapt the organization policies according to the demand of the environment. These manager and leaders are known as change agent. According to Robbins Judge, â€Å"change agents are individuals and groups who lead and support the change process by taking responsibility for changing the existing behavior patterns of other people or the social system (Robbins Judge, 2005)†. Furthermore Crossroad Inc should established fair paying and reward system that best on justice and efforts. The organization should also facilitate the creation and execution the labour union approach that will serve as joining link between the organization and its workers. Moreover the Crossroad Inc should invest in its corporate cultures that are going to be form through the merger of two opposite culture. The organization should see this as opportunity to form a strong culture by initiating the proper change. Though training and development could be in progress in short term, the purpose is difficult to achieve at once. Therefore Crossroad Inc should adapt the medium or long-term training and development program for various functional department of the organization. Crossroad Inc can create a positive impact due to the fact that formation of the organization is the result of merger between two different companies who have two different management styles, corporate culture, traditions and workforce management system. Hence, the HR department assume a leading role in shaping the values of employees by creating an organization-wide culture that is based on shared values that will help the organization to realize its mission in the most coherent way. Works Cited Boselie, P., Paauwe, J. (2004). Human Resource Function Competencies in European Companies. Journal of Management , 120-122. Brockbank, W., Ulrich, D., Beatty, R. (1999). The Professional Devlopment: Creating the Future Creators at the University of Michigan Business School. Human Resource Management 38(2) , 111-118. Coff, R. (1994). Human Assets and organziation Control: Implication of the resource-based view. John M. Olin School of Business , Washington University. Losey, M. (2005). Future of Human Resource Management: Leaders Explore the Critical HR Issues of Today and Tommorrow. New Jersy: John Wiley Sons . Newman, D. R., Hodgets, R. M. (2005). Human Resource Management: A Customer Oriented Approach. USA: Prentice Hall Publishers. Newman, D. R., Hodgetts, R. M. (2005). Human Resource Management: A Customer Oriented Approach. USA: Prentice Hall. Peter, T. J., Waterman, R. (1982). In Search of Exchellence. New York: Waner Books. Plessis, D. (2007). Change, Organziational Devleopment and Culture: Human Resource Managements Role in the Future of South Africa. International Review of Business Research Papers 3(1) , 1-10. Robbins, Judge. (2005). Organizational Behavior. USA: Pearson. Wright, P., Dunford, B., Snell, S. (2001). Human Resource and the Resource Based View of the Firm. Journal of Management 27 , 701-721.

Cone Effect :: essays research papers

First of all, my definition of the â€Å"cone effect† is this: a theory in which all media content is exaggerated then sent through a publication or broadcast that carries advertisements to individuals with different perceptions leading to a "perceived media reality" which is incorporated into everyday life. I believe this means we are media, media is us, and we are one. If we would all take a look at our lives we are just a jumble of representations. In my opinion, from the moment we are born to the day that we die we are media. We are born a certain sex boy or girl. That represents something. Boys wear blue girls wear pink. This symbolizes to everyone what we are. We don’t know we are boys or girls until someone tells us. We have set and defined expectations for our lives, as well as ways that we must act. From that day forward we learn our media from our lives, our families, friends, and literally everything we come in contact with. Everything we do and everything we see leaves some trace of an impression on us and represents something to each of us. That’s why I feel that media is us. Media is everything. We are just representations. It makes me very frustrated to think seriously about this. It makes me question everything that I have had to believe as a member of society. It makes me question countless things in my life. It made me think about life in general. What is reality? Truthfully, I don’t know if there is a way to answer this question for everyone but I think we all need to examine our lives in general and the everyday lives that we live in and question them. Everything we do or say has a representation so again, that is media. It is all around us. It is everywhere. Most places we don’t even know that it is going on. In my inspection of my life and the media that surrounds me I have found media to be almost everywhere. It is everywhere. Almost everything I have and use has labels on it from clothes to food. Some things even have advertisements of other things on their labels. All of these products represent me. I wear these clothes because I like the way this brand looks or I want to belong to a certain group so I wear similar clothes. I eat certain foods because someone introduced it to me or it is the brand that I like.

Feminism in Lives of the Saints

Kenneth Tambuwun Ms. Barrow ENG4USB 26 October 2012 Feminism in Lives of the Saints Men and women are expected to be different. In the novel Lives of the Saints by Nino Ricci, gender roles in Italy during the 1960s affect how the characters behave. Characters such as Cristina and Vittorio are affected by living in the patriarchal society of Valle del Sole. Feminist critical theory is observed in Cristina’s strength, her independence and the society she lives in. Feminist terms such as semiotics can be applied to Cristina’s strength and it is seen during the conversations of Cristina in the car after she had been bitten by the snake. Where did it bite †¦ I didn’t think of it† (Ricci 12). Cristina once again did not panic â€Å"My mother let out a sigh†¦ to other people’s nonsense† (Ricci 15). Cristina is strong as her words are calm unlike what women would feel after they are bitten by a snake. Cristina goes against Phallogocentrism t hroughout the novel especially since she is not confined to a regular mother and she can do whatever she wants to unlike most women in the village. Cristina also shows Androgyny. â€Å"The cloth sank into †¦ indifference to pain† (Ricci 13) and â€Å"The story about my own †¦ ad fallen asleep† (Ricci 13). It is clear that the villagers believe that Cristina can bear pain like a man. Cristina’s strength differentiates her from the rest of the women in the story. Cristina is an independent woman as she does not rely on others because when Alfredo offered Cristina the money her husband gave her, she rejected it. â€Å"You think it’s the †¦ need his money† (Ricci 97). After her husband left for America, she raised Vittorio by herself. Moreover, she solves her family’s problem by her own.When Vittorio had a fight and is hurt by Vincenzo, instead of asking for help from her dad or anyone else, Cristina confronted Vincenzo’s h ouse and clarify things up with Maria and Vincenzo. She does not want other’s help at all. When she is offered a luxurious room in the ship by Antonio Darcoangelo, she denied the room. â€Å"It’s kind of you †¦ that kind of luxury† (Ricci 199). Cristina believes that she can survive by herself and prefers to do so without any help. Cristina’s independence goes against what gender roles had put upon women. Patriarchy can be seen throughout the novel.Men are much respected in the village. Vittorio recalls about the memory when Mario hurled a plate towards her mother â€Å"I saw my father †¦ against her cheek† (Ricci 32). Cristina’s husband abused her and yet she did not dare to fight back because men are expected to behave that way. High positions in the village are held by man. Vittorio describes his grandfather as â€Å"My grandfather †¦ since the time of the fascists† (Ricci 2). A male have held the mayor position for a very long time. In addition, men have to work and do all the job whereas women will wait for their husband. â€Å"The men left †¦ geing parents followed† (Ricci 166). Most men of the house are expected to work and find money abroad like Vittorio’s father. Valle del Sole is a society dominated by men. To sum it up, feminism can be repeatedly noticed throughout the novel. Firstly, Cristina goes against the typical women who are afraid of pain. Secondly, Cristina is an independant woman. Last but not least, Valle del Sole itself is a patriarchal society. Gender roles set upon by society causes men and women to be different in one way or another. Works Cited Ricci, Nino. Lives of the Saints. Toronto: Cormorant Books Inc, 2010. Print.

Marketing Plan of Julies Bakeshop Essay Essays

Marketing Plan of Julies Bakeshop Essay Essays Marketing Plan of Julies Bakeshop Essay Essay Marketing Plan of Julies Bakeshop Essay Essay Essay Topic: The Birth Mark Introduction:It’s been old ages since the Betterhalf Restaurant was giving birth of their nutrient concern. Betterhalf is a resto- saloon nutrient service industry located at the centre of Veterans Medical Hospital that caters good delightful and pleasurably gustatory sensation nutrients to their mark clients the Intern Students. Doctors. Nurses. Medical Representatives and particularly Walk-ins. This eating house ensures that each client receives prompt. professional. friendly and gracious services and maintains the cleanliness of nutrients and well-comfortable atmosphere to their valued clients and employees. The eating house besides provides an low-cost monetary value to each of their repasts and one of their best marketer bill of fare repasts that their clients loved to eat at Betterhalf Restaurant are the Garlic Chicken with brown Sauce and a Buttered Chicken. For many old ages they served to their valued clients the chance they got from them was that each clients has a growing section like for illustration the Medical Representatives wants a comfy topographic point for their meetings on their opposite number. the best topographic point to be chosen was the Restaurant of Betterhalf because of the peaceable environment there that they can concentrate on. The clients can easy near to the Chief Executive Officer or CEO of the Betterhalf Restaurant because one of the promotional scheme of the eating house is through reserve because of they had a 3 functional room to used for keeping any of activities of a clients. As of their fiscal facets. Betterhalf Restaurant estimated net hard currency for each hebdomad is ?20. 000. 00 and for the whole month is ? 80. 000. 00. The net income of Betterhalf Restaurant is merely plenty to gave the compensations of its employees and the lone ground why the Chief executive officer is still keeping the concern i s because he is sing his societal duty to his subsidiaries. It‘s now seems that Betterhalf Restaurant may hold been excessively optimistic but it failed to expect several events in its selling planning. First. when it rainy seasons their net income were diminishing 30 % of its cyberspace gross revenues that truly affect to the expected income. Second. the location was the Betterhalf Restaurant built off seems that it is non convenient at all but it is â€Å"sadyain† by the clients and besides the atmosphere was hapless on goodlooking eating house unlike others. Last. they had hapless quality of promotional activities that can non capture the attending of a client. And to decide their quandary or their lacking off on their concern and to acquire a better roadmap to their success. We suggests that the company might hold done a better occupation is a cardinal facet of doing a better selling program to accomplish their aims including gauging the market chance. calculating gross revenues. finding the selling plans or an promotional ac tivities. developing and retent the clients good relationship towards the eating house and guaranting the company’s merchandise high quality to their valued clients.

Lennon essays

Lennon essays John Lennon is possibly on of the most famous lyricist and guitarist. As the lead guitarist of the Beatles john made a name for himself, with his fame he was able to express his feelings on war protest and his feelings of his family life. John Lennon was born on October 9, 1940. John Lennon was a rebel throughout his life. The federal burial of investigation kept a close eye on him during the Reagan administration. John was born and raised in Liverpool, England. Lennon did not have an easy childhood at all; he was left by his father and mother at a young age (Fawcett 3). His Aunt Mimi Smith took him in and supported him throughout his life. She was a middle classed woman who also lived in Liverpool. John had a rebellious character and disliked the school system in Liverpool (14). He was quickly labeled a troublemaker by the teachers. He was into the arts and excelled in English and music, while he seemed to struggle in the math and history classes (15). John had always wanted to become an illustrator (15). He drew and wrote poetry all the time. During one day of shopping his aunt bought a guitar for him after he told her, let me get the music bug out (35). He first played the guitar when he was sixteen, it seemed to come natural (35). He was unconventional he liked rock and roll and what was labeled black music (36). He would play at local shops which is where he would first meet Paul McCartney (39). Paul asked John if he would be interested in joining a band with his friend (40). The band grew into what would be known as the Beatles possibly one of the greatest bands ever. John and the Beatles grew into a huge fad which would sweep the world and become known as Beatle mania (Harry 78), John had always told his Aunt Mimi that he would make it big and he did. With the hair cut known as the Beatle, Lennon had made in impact across the world touring in Japan, Europe and the United States (82). As john went so he becam...

The ways in which Starbucks exercises corporate social responsibility Essay

The ways in which Starbucks exercises corporate social responsibility - Essay Example Social activity and environmental protection Speaking about the strategy of Starbucks, it is impossible not to mention the word â€Å"commitment†. The organization is using this approach since it was founded. Starbucks makes the huge investments into the environment and coffee manufacturing. It takes care not only of coffee farmers, but also pays special attention to the fields, where they grow the coffee beans. At the same time it demonstrates its respect to partners the company is working with. Moreover, the company takes care of each member of the team. Starbucks hires people from all over the world. â€Å"We have always believed Starbucks can – and should — have a positive impact on the communities it serves. One person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time. As we have grown to now more than 18,000 stores in over 60 countries, so too has our commitment to corporate citizenship. So it is our vision that together we will elevate our partners, customers, suppliers and neighbors to use our scale for good . To be innovators, leaders and contributors to an inclusive society and a healthy environment so that Starbucks and everyone we touch can endure and thrive† (Being a responsible company).Starbucks takes an active part in social work encouraging local communities. The main goal of such actions is to be an active contributor to the society’s welfare. The Starbucks is also an active protector of the environment and actively applies the methods, which help save our nature. In order to make our planet clean and prosperous, it utilizes the waste by recycling it as well as introduces ecologically friendly products. Ethical behavior Ethical behavior of the organization is also significant. Its significance is in the successful combination of two factors: being a non-governmental organization and at the same time introducing fair trade coffee. Fair trade coffee seriously influenced company’s returns, therefore it was a conscious choice. Doing business this way, the membe rs of the company understand that such strategy will bring only benefits and improve the image of the company. Starbucks is involved in charity, it has made considerable donations to Jumpstart. This program is aimed at providing children with good education opportunities. Making donations, Starbucks tries to influence American children positively: â€Å"our partnership with Jumpstart not only allows us to make a direct impact on the children they serve, but also helps Jumpstart to expand the program throughout the country. We are proud to support an organization that shares our vision for inspiring hope and discovery among children† (cites in Starbucks Donates $1.5 Million to Jumpstart). Financial losses Any business faces many difficulties, and Starbucks is not an exception. The company had to close 616 of its branches. The main reason for that was insufficient prosperity of the coffeehouses. Starbucks also had to struggle to solve the problems with its landlord-tenants agre ements. Some of these agreements were broken up finally. The company has to struggle for the each agreement of lease. Much time and much money were lost. Disagreements with media Starbucks also had some disagreements with media. A great scandal between Starbucks and mass media happened at the time of the 35 anniversary of the company. This scandal was related to the company’s the logo. There is a naked water nymph on it. Starbucks had no intention to connect its logo with sex. Nevertheless, the media was

Research Methodology, Design & Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Research Methodology, Design & Process - Essay Example While the circumstances might seem extremely divergent, the necessity for speed and efficiency is universal to the healthcare profession and the ongoing need to increase the delivery of services at reduced cost. Thus, two commonly available drug treatment options are evaluated. SELECTION PROCESS In order to find articles of relevance, exhaustive searches of nursing journals, and surgical scientific journals were conducted to arrive at the two articles subject to critique. Same Day surgery and shock treatment are useful keywords. In some cases, when conducting extensive library research, online sources can easily supplement library searches beyond what can be achieved through the normal library reference system. If working in a library, a possible strategy is to identify the names of all journals that might possibly be relevant to the topic at hand, then using an online source to find the websites of those journals, as which time further searches can be conducted. Online searches of t he websites of technical journals can produce exact page numbers of articles relevant to any scientific topic, allowing the researcher to pinpoint the physical location of useful articles within the actual library. The articles chosen were felt to be highly relevant, both in terms of ongoing research and in regards to professional goals. CONTEMPORARY DAY SURGERY: PATIENTS' EXPERIENCE OF DISCHARGE AND RECOVERY Contemporary day surgery

Principle-based ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Principle-based ethics - Essay Example According to the deontological principle, one ought to do an action that upholds his/her moral obligation without what the other people consider appropriate (Shaw, 2008). America is a capitalistic state whose economy is guarded by the laws of demand and supply, which determine the price of commodities in the market (Futrelle, 2012). From a deontological perspective, market forces can suddenly increase demand of commodities without a corresponding increase in supply; implying that people are demanding more than the market supply. Thus, this implies prices of commodities will automatically rise because of other factors other than those affecting demand and supply (Shaw, 2008). Thus, merchants often base their argument on this notion by arguing that they do not cause price gouging but the situation arises from the forces of demand and supply. Conversely, the principle of justice agitates for fairness to all involved entities in price gouging situations. It is widely known that if demand is more than supply, the prices of commodities will increase steadily to counter the deficit in the market. For this reason, merchants with sufficient stock during this particular time, can leverage from the situation since it is a rare case that may never happen again. Thus, according to this principle, it is fair for them to be allowed to benefit from the economic situation since it is not their making but because of market forces (Wicks, 2010). On the other hand, there are ethical principles that are against the act of price gouging because they consider such acts as selfishness that are only meant to benefit a few individuals at the opportunity cost of others (Bredeson, 2012). For instance, the principle of beneficence states that, whenever you are doing anything, the ratio of good should always supersede the quota of evil not only to one’s self but also to the entire world. Therefore, in the case of this particular situation,

Crevecoeur Letter What is an American Essay Example for Free

Crevecoeur Letter What is an American Essay Discussion question: What, to Crà ¨vecoeur, are  the differences between a European subject and an American citizen? I WISH I could be acquainted with the feelings and thoughts which must agitate the heart and present themselves to the mind of an enlightened Englishman, when he first lands on this continent. He must greatly rejoice that he lived at a time to see this fair country discovered and settled; he must necessarily feel a share of national pride, when he views the chain of settlements which embellishes these extended shores. When he says to himself, this is the work of my countrymen, who, when convulsed by factions, afflicted by a variety of miseries and wants, restless and impatient, took refuge here. They brought along with them their national genius, to which they principally owe what liberty they enjoy, and what substance they possess. Here he sees the industry of his native country displayed in a new manner, and traces in their works the embryos of all the arts, sciences, and ingenuity which flourish in Europe. Here he beholds fair cities, substantial villages, extensive fields, an immense country filled with decent houses, good roads, orchards, meadows, and bridges, where an hundred years ago all was wild, woody and uncultivated!†¦. He is arrived on a new continent; a modern society offers itself to his contemplation, different from what he had hitherto seen. It is not composed, as in Europe, of great lords who possess every thing and of a herd of people who have nothing. Here are no aristocratic families, no courts, no kings, no bishops, no ecclesiastical dominion, no invisible power giving to a few a very visible one; no great manufacturers employing thousands, no great refinements of luxury. The rich and the poor are not so far removed from each other as they are in Europe. Some few towns excepted, we are all tillers of the earth, from Nova Scotia to West Florida. We are a people of cultivators, scattered over an immense territory communicating with each other by means of good roads and navigable rivers, united by the silken bands of mild government, all respecting the laws, without dreading their power, because they are equitable. We are all animated with the spirit of an industry which is unfettered and unrestrained, because each person works for himself. If he travels through our rural districts he views not the hostile castle, and the haughty mansion, contrasted with the clay-built hut and miserable cabin, where cattle and men help to keep each other warm, and dwell in meanness, smoke, and indigence. A pleasing uniformity of decent competence appears throughout our habitations. The meanest of our loghouses is a dry and comfortable habitation. Lawyer or merchant are the fairest titles our towns afford; that of a farmer is the only appellation of the rural inhabitants of our country. It must take some time here (before) he can reconcile himself to our dictionary, which is but short in words of dignity, and names of honour†¦.. We have no princes, for whom we toil, starve, and bleed: we are the most perfect society now existing in the world. Here man is free; as he ought to be; nor is this pleasing equality so transitory as many others are. Many ages will not see the shores of our great lakes replenished with inland nations, nor the unknown bounds of North America  entirely peopled. Who can tell how far it extends? Who can tell the millions of men whom it will feed and contain? for no European foot has as yet traveled half the extent of this mighty continent! The next wish of this traveler will be to know whence came all these people? they are mixture of English, Scotch, Irish, French, Dutch, Germans, and Swedes. From this promiscuous breed, that race now called Americans have arisen. The eastern provinces must indeed be excepted, as being the unmixed descendants of Englishmen. I have heard many wish that they had been more intermixed also: for my part, I am no wisher, and think it much better as it has happened†¦.. I know it is fashionable to reflect on them, but I respect them for what they have done; for the accuracy and wisdom with which they have settled their territory; for the decency of their manners; for their  early love of letters; their ancient college, the first in this hemisphere; for their industry; which to me who am but a farmer, is the criterion of everything. There never was a people, situated as they are, who with so ungrateful a soil have done more in so short a time†¦.. In this great American asylum, the poor of Europe have by some means met together, and in consequence of various causes; to what purpose should they ask one another what countrymen they are? Alas, two thirds of them had no country. Can a wretch who wanders about, who works and starves, whose life is a continual scene of sore affliction or pinching penury; can that man call England or any other kingdom his country? A country that had no bread for him, whose fields procured him no harvest, who met with nothing but the frowns of the rich, the severity of the laws, with jails and punishments; who owned not a single foot of the extensive surface of this planet? No! urged by a variety of motives, here they came. Every thing has tended to regenerate them; new laws, a new mode of living, a new social system; here they are become men: in Europe they were as so many useless plants, wanting vegitative mould, and refreshing showers; they withered, and were mowed down by want, hunger, and war; bu t now by the power of transplantation, like all other plants they have taken root and flourished! Formerly they were not numbered in any civil lists of their country, except in those of the poor; here they rank as citizens. By what invisible power has this surprising metamorphosis been performed? By that of the laws and that of their industry. The laws, the indulgent laws, protect them as they arrive, stamping on them the symbol of adoption; they receive ample rewards for their labours; these accumulated rewards procure them lands; those lands confer on them the title of freemen, and to that title every benefit is affixed which men can possibly require. This is the great operation daily performed by our laws. From whence proceed these laws? From our government. Whence the government? It is derived from the original genius and strong desire of the people ratified and confirmed by the crown. This is the great chain which links us all †¦.. What attachment can a poor European emigrant have for a country where he had nothing? The knowledge of the language, the love of a few kindred as poor as  himself, were the only cords that tied him: his country is now that which gives him land, bread, protection, and consequence†¦..What then is the American, this new man? He is either an European, or the descendant of an European, hence that strange mixture of blood, which you will find in no other country. I could point out to you a family whose grandfather was an Englishman, whose wife was Dutch, whose son married a French woman, and whose present four sons have now four wives of different nations. He is an American, who leaving behind him all his ancient  prejudices and manners, receives new ones from the new mode of life he has embraced, the new government he obeys, and the new rank he holds. He becomes an American by being received in the broad lap of our great Alma Mater. Here individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of men, whose labours and posterity will one day cause great changes in the world. Americans are the western pilgrims, who are carrying along with them that great mass of arts, sciences, vigour, and industry which began long since in the east; they will finish the great circle. The Americans were once scattered all over Europe; here they are incorporated into one of the finest systems of population which has ever appeared, and which will hereafter become distinct by the power of the different climates they inhabit. The American ought therefore to love this country much better than that wherein either he or his forefathers were born. Here the rewards of his industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labour; his labour is founded on the basis of nature, self-interest; can it want a stronger allurement? Wives and children, who before in vain demanded of him a morsel of bread, now, fat and frolicsome, gladly help their father to clear those fields whence exuberant crops are to arise to feed and to clothe them all; without any part being claimed, either by a despotic prince, a rich abbot, or a mighty lord. I lord religion demands but little of him; a small voluntary salary to the minister, and gratitude to God; can he refuse these? The American is a new man, who acts upon new principles; he must therefore entertain new ideas, and form new opinions†¦..This is an American.  (†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..)Men are like plants; the goodness and flavour of the fruit proceeds from the peculiar soil and exposition in which they grow. We are nothing but what we derive from the air we breathe, the climate we inhabit, the government we obey, the system of religion we profess, and the nature of our employment. Here you will find but few crimes; these have acquired as yet no root among us. I wish I were able to trace all my ideas; if my ignorance prevents me from describing them properly, I hope I shall be able to delineate a few of the outlines, which are all I propose. Those who live near the sea, feed more on fish than on flesh, and often encounter that boisterous element. This renders them more bold and enterprising; this leads them to neglect the confined occupations of the land. They see and converse with a variety of people; their intercourse with mankind becomes extensive. The sea inspires them with a love of traffic, a desire of transporting produce from one place to another; and leads them to a variety of resources which supply the place of labour. Those who inhabit the middle settlements, by far the most numerous, must be very different; the simple cultivation of the earth purifies them, but the indulgences of the government, the soft remonstrances of religion, the rank of independent freeholders, must necessarily inspire them with sentiments, very little known in Europe among people of the same class. What do I say? Europe has no such class of men; the early knowledge they acquire, the early bargains they make, give them a great degree of sagacity. As freemen they will be litigious; pride and obstinacy are often the cause of law suits; the nature of our laws and governments may be another. As citizens it is easy to imagine, that they will carefully read the newspapers, enter into every political disquisition, freely blame or censure governors and others. As farmers they will be careful and anxious to get as much as they can, because what they get is their own. As northern men they will love the cheerful cup. As Christians, religion curbs them not in their opinions; the general indulgence leaves every one to  think for themselves in spiritual matters; the laws inspect our actions, our  thoughts are left to God. Industry, good living, selfishness, litigiousness, country politics, the pride of freemen, religious indifference, are their characteristics. If you recede still farther from the sea, you will come into more modern settlements; they exhibit the same strong lineaments, in a ruder appearance. Religion seems to have still less influence, and their manners are less improved. Now we arrive near the great woods, near the last inhabited districts; there men seem to be placed still farther beyond the reach of government, which in some measure leaves them to themselves. How can it pervade every corner; as they were driven there by misfortunes, necessity of beginnings, desire of acquiring large tracks of land, idleness, frequent want of economy, ancient debts; the re-union of such people does not afford a very pleasing spectacle. When discord, want of unity and friendship; when either drunkenness or idleness prevail in such remote districts; contention, inactivity, and wretchedness must ensue. There are not the same remedies to these evils as in a long established community. The few magistrates they have, are in general little better than the rest; they are often in a perfect state of war; that of man against man, sometimes decided by blows, sometimes by means of the law; that of man against every wild inhabitant of these venerable woods, of which they are com e to dispossess them. There men appear to be no better than carnivorous animals of a superior rank, living on the flesh of wild animals when they can catch them, and when they are not able, they subsist on grain. He who wish to see America in its proper light, and have a true idea of its feeble beginnings barbarous rudiments, must visit our extended line of frontiers where the last settlers dwell, and where he may see the first labours of the mode of clearing the earth, in their different appearances; where men are wholly left dependent on their native tempers, and on the spur of uncertain industry, which often fails when not sanctified by the efficacy of a few moral rules. There, remote from the power of example, and check of shame, many families exhibit the most hideous parts of our society†¦..(But after ten or twelve years) prosperity will polish some, vice and the law will drive off the rest, who uniting again with others like themselves will recede still farther; making room for more industrious people, who will finish their improvements, convert the  loghouse into a convenient habitation, and rejoicing that the first heavy labours are finished, will change in a few years that hit herto barbarous country into a fine fertile, well regulated district. Such is our progress, such is the march of the Europeans toward the interior parts of this continent. In all societies there are off-casts; this impure part serves as our precursors or pioneers; my father himself was one of that class, but he came upon honest principles, and was therefore one of the few who held fast; by good conduct and temperance, he transmitted to me his fair inheritance, when not above one in fourteen of his contemporaries had the same good fortune†¦. Exclusive of those general characteristics, each province has its own, founded on the government, climate, mode of husbandry, customs, and peculiarity of circumstances. Europeans submit insensibly to these great powers, and become, in the course of a few generations, not only Americans in general, but either Pennsylvanians, Virginians, or provincials under some other name. Whoever traverses the continent must easily observe those strong differences, which will grow more evident in time. The inhabitants of Canada, Massachusetts, the middle provinces, the southern ones will be as different as their climates; thei r only points of unity will be those of religion and language.